Researchers at Seton Hall University in New Jersey found that certain flavoring chemicals used in e-cigarettes, particularly cinnamon and menthol flavors, had harmful effects on cartilage cells in laboratory experiments.
The study examined the effects of these chemicals on ATDC5 cartilage cells, finding that exposure could lead to cell death and impair the cells’ ability to produce and maintain healthy tissue.
Researchers also observed signs of inflammation and biological processes associated with tissue breakdown and swelling.
The findings challenge the perception that e-cigarette flavoring additives are simply harmless ingredients used to improve taste.
Study co-author Jessica Cottrell, an associate professor at Seton Hall University, said the findings indicate that flavoring additives in e-cigarettes should not be considered merely harmless taste-enhancing ingredients.
According to the researchers, some of these chemicals may affect cellular metabolism, gene expression and biological pathways associated with inflammation even when nicotine is absent.
The researchers said the findings highlight the need for further investigation into the broader effects of vaping on the musculoskeletal system, bones, cartilage and other tissues.
The study was conducted in laboratory cell models, meaning the findings do not by themselves establish that vaping these specific flavoring chemicals causes joint damage in humans. However, researchers said the results add to concerns about the potential health effects of flavored e-cigarette products.