A new study by researchers at the University of Oxford suggests that modern commercial poultry farming may be contributing to the increased spread of Campylobacter, a bacterium that is one of the leading causes of bacterial food poisoning worldwide.
The researchers reported that the prevalence of Campylobacter in commercial chickens has increased dramatically over the past 35 years, highlighting concerns about food safety and public health. The findings were published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Sharp Increase Recorded in Commercial Poultry
According to the study, the prevalence of Campylobacter in commercially raised chickens has increased by nearly 100-fold over the last three and a half decades.
Researchers say large-scale, intensive poultry production may create conditions that allow the bacterium to spread more easily among birds before they enter the food supply.
Health Risks Linked to Campylobacter
Campylobacter is commonly transmitted through raw or undercooked poultry, unpasteurized milk, or contaminated water. Infection typically causes diarrhea, stomach cramps, fever, nausea, and vomiting.
Most people recover within a week without complications. However, health experts warn that severe infections can lead to bloodstream infections (sepsis) and, in rare cases, life-threatening illness, particularly among older adults and people with weakened immune systems.
Some scientific studies have also explored possible associations between Campylobacter infection and certain long-term health conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. However, researchers note that an association does not establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship, and further research is needed.
Rising Cases in the UK
According to figures cited in the study, around 70,000 confirmed Campylobacter infections were reported in the United Kingdom last year. Official data also indicate that reported cases have increased by roughly one-third since 2016.
The UK’s Food Hygiene Certificate organization estimates that approximately 100 deaths each year are associated with Campylobacter infections.
Researchers Call for Stronger Food Safety Measures
The study’s authors said the findings provide further evidence that changes in agricultural practices can influence the spread of infectious diseases.
They emphasized the importance of improving biosecurity on poultry farms, maintaining strict food hygiene standards, and ensuring poultry is thoroughly cooked to reduce the risk of infection.
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