February 11, 1979, is a memorable day in the history of Iran that not only transformed the country’s political system but also gave rise to a new way of thinking on the global stage. On this day, the monarchy came to an end and the Islamic Revolution achieved victory. Even today, it is observed as the National Day of the Revolution, when the Iranian nation recalls its long struggle and sacrifices.

Before the revolution, Iran was ruled by Shah Reza Pahlavi, whose government enjoyed strong support from Western powers. Although the regime claimed to promote development and modernization, ordinary citizens were deprived of political freedom, social justice, and basic rights. Freedom of expression was restricted, political opponents were suppressed, and a climate of fear was maintained through the secret police, SAVAK. National wealth remained concentrated in the hands of a few, increasing public frustration and resentment.

In this environment, Imam Ruhollah Khomeini emerged as a strong and principled leader. He declared the monarchy unjust and un-Islamic and presented the vision of a system based on Islamic values. Despite being exiled in 1964, he continued to guide the people from abroad. His messages and speeches secretly reached Iran and played a vital role in raising public awareness and revolutionary spirit. He called for unity, patience, and perseverance, providing the movement with a strong ideological foundation.

After 1977, public protests intensified across Iran. Students, religious scholars, workers, traders, and ordinary citizens took to the streets. Mosques and educational institutions became centers of revolutionary activity. In 1978, major demonstrations took place in cities such as Qom, Tabriz, and Tehran. Protests held on the fortieth day after the martyrdom of demonstrators further strengthened the movement and helped spread it nationwide. Gradually, these protests developed into a powerful mass revolution.

Under growing pressure from strikes and nationwide demonstrations, Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi left Iran on January 16, 1979. His departure shook the foundations of the monarchy, though the system had not yet completely collapsed. The country faced political uncertainty, but public determination remained strong as people were resolved to carry their struggle to its logical conclusion.

On February 1, 1979, Imam Khomeini returned to Iran after years of exile. Millions of people gathered in Tehran to welcome him in a historic reception that was broadcast worldwide. The scene sent a clear message that the Iranian people stood firmly behind their leader. After his return, Imam Khomeini formed an interim government and urged the nation to maintain discipline, unity, and patience to prevent disorder.

Finally, on February 11, 1979, the decisive moment arrived when the Iranian military declared neutrality. This announcement ended the remaining power of the monarchy. Military bases, government offices, and key institutions came under public control, bringing centuries of royal rule to an end. On that day, the Islamic Revolution reached its destination, and Iran entered a new era.

Following the revolution, a nationwide referendum was held in April 1979, in which an overwhelming majority voted in favor of establishing an Islamic Republic. A new constitution was later adopted, giving central importance to Islamic principles, public opinion, and national sovereignty. The system of Wilayat-e-Faqih was introduced, providing a distinct political structure for the state.

The Iranian Revolution had a profound impact on global politics. It was the first time that a religious-based popular movement had successfully overthrown a powerful, Western-backed regime. The revolution inspired political and intellectual awakening in the Muslim world and presented a new challenge to Western influence. It also reshaped Middle Eastern politics and encouraged resistance movements across the region.

Even today, February 11 is celebrated in Iran with great enthusiasm. Rallies, conferences, and cultural programs are organized throughout the country. Martyrs are honored, and the younger generation is educated about the sacrifices of their predecessors. The day has become a symbol of national unity, dignity, and ideological commitment.

February 11, 1979, is not merely the date of a regime change, but a symbol of a profound ideological, social, and political transformation. It reminds the world that when a nation is united, its leadership is sincere, and its purpose is clear, the course of history can be changed. The Islamic Revolution of Iran continues to serve as a source of hope, courage, and inspiration for oppressed people around the globe.